Hexavalent chromates and inorganic-zinc rich coatings have long been recognized as the "gold standards" in corrosion protection in non-ferrous and steel materials respectively.  However, increasingly stringent health and environmental regulations are restricting the use and disposal of chromates and zinc.  Organic corrosion inhibitors are attracting more and more attention as potential low-toxicity inhibitors.  Structure-property relationships are widely used in the development of new leads for drugs and we have begun to apply them for new lead identification of corrosion inhibitors. We will present the results of these studies and discuss the relationships between the organic structures and corrosion inhibition including the development of corrosion-efficiency/toxicity maps for identification of low-toxicity high performance organic corrosion inhibitors.